Case
In order to be able to start saposcol successfully, you have to adapt its owner and file permissions properly
Solution
OS level, for example on unix/linux, change saposcol owner and file permissions after stopping and clearing shared memory segment by
# /usr/sap/SID/SYS/exe/run/saposcol -k
# /usr/sap/SID/SYS/exe/run/saposcol -c
# chown root:sapsys /usr/sap/SID/SYS/exe/run/saposcol
# chmod 4755 /usr/sap/SID/SYS/exe/run/saposcol